:root {
    --leaf: #3F4A32;
    --paper: #F3EDE2;
    --rust: #A45C38;
    --dusk: #1C1A16;
    --bloom: #C9A3B0;
    --rule: rgba(28, 26, 22, 0.22);
    --rule-strong: rgba(28, 26, 22, 0.6);
}

* { box-sizing: border-box; }

html { -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; }

body {
    margin: 0;
    background: var(--paper);
    color: var(--dusk);
    font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif;
    font-size: 16px;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

a { color: inherit; text-decoration: none; }
img { display: block; max-width: 100%; }
figure { margin: 0; }

/* ---------- Header ---------- */
.ns-header {
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule-strong);
    background: var(--paper);
}
.ns-header-inner {
    max-width: 76rem;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0.9rem 1.25rem;
    display: flex;
    align-items: baseline;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.75rem 1.5rem;
}
.ns-wordmark {
    font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
    font-size: 1.35rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.06em;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--leaf);
}
.ns-header-issue {
    margin: 0;
    font-size: 0.7rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.16em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--rust);
}
.ns-nav {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.25rem 1.1rem;
    margin-left: auto;
}
.ns-nav a {
    font-size: 0.76rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.1em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--dusk);
    padding: 0.2rem 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid transparent;
}
.ns-nav a:hover { color: var(--rust); border-bottom-color: var(--rust); }

/* ---------- Masthead / front ---------- */
.ns-masthead {
    text-align: center;
    padding: 3.25rem 1.25rem 2.5rem;
    border-bottom: 4px double var(--leaf);
}
.ns-masthead-title {
    margin: 0;
    font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
    font-weight: 400;
    font-size: clamp(2.6rem, 7vw, 4.6rem);
    letter-spacing: 0.04em;
    color: var(--dusk);
}
.ns-issue-line {
    margin: 0.9rem 0 0;
    font-size: 0.78rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.28em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--rust);
}

/* ---------- Cover ---------- */
.ns-cover {
    margin: 0;
    width: 100%;
}
.ns-cover-img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 64vh;
    min-height: 380px;
    object-fit: cover;
}
.ns-cover-caption {
    max-width: 30rem;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 1.6rem 1.25rem 0;
    font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    line-height: 1.65;
    color: var(--dusk);
    border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
}
.ns-cover-caption p { margin: 0; }

/* ---------- Essay index ---------- */
.ns-index {
    max-width: 46rem;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 2.5rem 1.25rem 4rem;
}
.ns-index-heading {
    font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
    font-weight: 400;
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.18em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--leaf);
    margin: 0 0 0.4rem;
}
.ns-essay-list {
    list-style: none;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
}
.ns-essay-item { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.ns-essay-link { display: block; padding: 1.6rem 0; }
.ns-essay-link:hover .ns-essay-title { color: var(--rust); }
.ns-essay-meta {
    display: block;
    font-size: 0.7rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.16em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--rust);
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}
.ns-essay-section { text-transform: capitalize; }
.ns-essay-title {
    font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
    font-weight: 400;
    font-size: 1.45rem;
    line-height: 1.25;
    margin: 0 0 0.4rem;
    color: var(--dusk);
}
.ns-essay-dek { margin: 0; font-size: 0.95rem; color: rgba(28, 26, 22, 0.75); }
.ns-essay-item:first-child .ns-essay-title { font-size: 2rem; }
.ns-essay-item:first-child .ns-essay-dek { font-size: 1.05rem; }

/* ---------- Magazine feature page ---------- */
.ns-feature-head {
    max-width: 46rem;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 3rem 1.25rem 1.75rem;
    text-align: center;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
}
.ns-feature-kicker {
    margin: 0 0 0.75rem;
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.2em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--rust);
}
.ns-feature-title {
    margin: 0;
    font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
    font-weight: 400;
    font-size: clamp(2rem, 5vw, 3.2rem);
    color: var(--dusk);
}
.ns-feature-dek {
    margin: 1rem auto 0;
    max-width: 34rem;
    font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    color: rgba(28, 26, 22, 0.8);
}
.ns-feature-cover { width: 100%; }
.ns-feature-cover-img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 58vh;
    min-height: 340px;
    object-fit: cover;
}
.ns-feature-sections {
    max-width: 46rem;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 1.25rem 4rem;
}
.ns-section-block { margin-top: 2.5rem; }
.ns-section-block h2 {
    font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
    font-weight: 400;
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.18em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--leaf);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule-strong);
    padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
    margin: 0 0 0.5rem;
}
.ns-feature-item {
    display: block;
    padding: 1.1rem 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
}
.ns-feature-item:hover .ns-feature-item-title { color: var(--rust); }
.ns-feature-item-meta {
    display: block;
    font-size: 0.68rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.16em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--rust);
    margin-bottom: 0.3rem;
}
.ns-feature-item-title {
    font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
    font-weight: 400;
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    line-height: 1.3;
    margin: 0 0 0.3rem;
    color: var(--dusk);
}
.ns-feature-item-dek { margin: 0; font-size: 0.92rem; color: rgba(28, 26, 22, 0.75); }

/* ---------- Section page ---------- */
.ns-section-page {
    max-width: 46rem;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 3rem 1.25rem 4rem;
}
.ns-section-head {
    border-bottom: 4px double var(--leaf);
    padding-bottom: 1.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    text-align: center;
}
.ns-section-kicker {
    margin: 0 0 0.5rem;
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.2em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--rust);
}
.ns-section-title {
    margin: 0;
    font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
    font-weight: 400;
    font-size: clamp(2rem, 5vw, 3rem);
    text-transform: capitalize;
    color: var(--dusk);
}

/* ---------- Article page ---------- */
.ns-article {
    max-width: 46rem;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 3rem 1.25rem 4rem;
}
.ns-article-head { text-align: center; border-bottom: 4px double var(--leaf); padding-bottom: 2rem; margin-bottom: 0; }
.ns-article-kicker {
    margin: 0 0 0.9rem;
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.2em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--rust);
}
.ns-article-kicker a { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rust); }
.ns-article-kicker a:hover { color: var(--leaf); border-bottom-color: var(--leaf); }
.ns-article-section { text-transform: capitalize; }
.ns-article-title {
    margin: 0;
    font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
    font-weight: 400;
    font-size: clamp(1.9rem, 4.5vw, 2.9rem);
    line-height: 1.15;
    color: var(--dusk);
}
.ns-article-dek {
    margin: 1rem auto 0;
    max-width: 34rem;
    font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    color: rgba(28, 26, 22, 0.8);
}
.ns-article-byline {
    margin: 1.1rem 0 0;
    font-size: 0.78rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.14em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--rust);
}
.ns-article-hero { margin: 0; }
.ns-article-hero-img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 52vh;
    min-height: 320px;
    object-fit: cover;
}
.ns-article-body {
    max-width: 40rem;
    margin: 2.5rem auto 0;
    font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
    font-size: 1.15rem;
    line-height: 1.75;
    color: var(--dusk);
}
.ns-article-body p { margin: 0 0 1.4rem; }
.ns-article-body p:first-child::first-letter {
    font-size: 3rem;
    float: left;
    line-height: 0.9;
    padding-right: 0.5rem;
    color: var(--leaf);
}
.ns-article-back {
    max-width: 40rem;
    margin: 2rem auto 0;
    padding-top: 1.5rem;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.12em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
}
.ns-article-back a { color: var(--leaf); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--leaf); }

/* ---------- Contributors ---------- */
.ns-contributors {
    max-width: 60rem;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 3rem 1.25rem 4rem;
}
.ns-contrib-head { text-align: center; border-bottom: 4px double var(--leaf); padding-bottom: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 2.5rem; }
.ns-contrib-kicker {
    margin: 0 0 0.5rem;
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.2em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--rust);
}
.ns-contrib-title {
    margin: 0;
    font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
    font-weight: 400;
    font-size: clamp(2rem, 5vw, 3rem);
    color: var(--dusk);
}
.ns-contrib-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(240px, 1fr));
    gap: 2.5rem 2rem;
}
.ns-contrib-card { border-top: 1px solid var(--rule-strong); padding-top: 1.25rem; }
.ns-contrib-photo {
    width: 7.5rem;
    height: 9.5rem;
    object-fit: cover;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}
.ns-contrib-name {
    margin: 0 0 0.2rem;
    font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
    font-weight: 400;
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    color: var(--dusk);
}
.ns-contrib-role {
    margin: 0 0 0.7rem;
    font-size: 0.7rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.16em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--rust);
}
.ns-contrib-bio { margin: 0; font-size: 0.92rem; color: rgba(28, 26, 22, 0.8); }

/* ---------- About ---------- */
.ns-about {
    max-width: 40rem;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 3rem 1.25rem 4rem;
}
.ns-about-head { text-align: center; border-bottom: 4px double var(--leaf); padding-bottom: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 2rem; }
.ns-about-kicker {
    margin: 0 0 0.5rem;
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.2em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--rust);
}
.ns-about-title {
    margin: 0;
    font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
    font-weight: 400;
    font-size: clamp(2rem, 5vw, 3rem);
    color: var(--dusk);
}
.ns-about-body { font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 1.1rem; line-height: 1.75; }
.ns-about-body p { margin: 0 0 1.3rem; }
.ns-about-sign {
    margin-top: 2rem;
    font-style: italic;
    color: var(--leaf);
}

/* ---------- Newsletter ---------- */
.ns-newsletter {
    max-width: 40rem;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 3rem 1.25rem 4rem;
    text-align: center;
}
.ns-newsletter-head { border-bottom: 4px double var(--leaf); padding-bottom: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 2rem; }
.ns-newsletter-kicker {
    margin: 0 0 0.5rem;
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.2em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--rust);
}
.ns-newsletter-title {
    margin: 0;
    font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
    font-weight: 400;
    font-size: clamp(2rem, 5vw, 3rem);
    color: var(--dusk);
}
.ns-newsletter-note {
    font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    color: rgba(28, 26, 22, 0.8);
    max-width: 32rem;
    margin: 0 auto 2rem;
}
.ns-newsletter-form { display: flex; gap: 0.75rem; justify-content: center; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.ns-newsletter-form input[type="email"] {
    flex: 1 1 18rem;
    max-width: 24rem;
    padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
    border: 1px solid var(--rule-strong);
    border-radius: 0;
    background: #fff;
    color: var(--dusk);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
}
.ns-newsletter-form button {
    padding: 0.75rem 1.6rem;
    border: 1px solid var(--leaf);
    border-radius: 0;
    background: var(--leaf);
    color: var(--paper);
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.14em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    cursor: pointer;
}
.ns-newsletter-form button:hover { background: var(--dusk); border-color: var(--dusk); }
.ns-newsletter-thanks {
    display: none;
    font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    color: var(--leaf);
    margin-top: 1.5rem;
}
.ns-newsletter-thanks.is-visible { display: block; }

/* ---------- Footer ---------- */
.ns-footer {
    border-top: 1px solid var(--rule-strong);
    background: var(--paper);
    margin-top: 1rem;
}
.ns-footer-inner {
    max-width: 76rem;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 2rem 1.25rem 2.5rem;
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 1rem 2.5rem;
    align-items: baseline;
}
.ns-footer-name {
    margin: 0;
    font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    color: var(--leaf);
    letter-spacing: 0.05em;
}
.ns-footer-note { margin: 0; font-size: 0.85rem; color: rgba(28, 26, 22, 0.7); }
.ns-footer-nav { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 0.25rem 1.1rem; margin-left: auto; }
.ns-footer-nav a {
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.1em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--dusk);
}
.ns-footer-nav a:hover { color: var(--rust); }

@media (max-width: 640px) {
    .ns-nav { margin-left: 0; width: 100%; }
    .ns-cover-img { height: 52vh; }
    .ns-article-hero-img { height: 44vh; }
    .ns-feature-cover-img { height: 44vh; }
}